CONSUMER RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

Listed below are some of the basic consumer rights and obligations of consumers of communication services.

Timely, Accurate Bills and Redress

the right to accurate and understandable bills for products and services they authorized and to fair prompt redress for problems they may have with the bills or that may arise during use of those products or services

High Quality, Reliable Service

the right to high quality, reliable service from both service providers and the regulator reflected through Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) developed to meet identified needs.

Basic Information

The right to basic publicly offered communication service on fair terms of service and at reasonable rates that reflect the cost of the service upon fulfillment of requisites for offering such services.

Consumer Education

the right to be educated or made aware of communication consumer rights, and how to enforce those rights.

Choice

the right, when the choice is available, to affirmatively select their telecommunications provider and services.

Privacy

the right to lawful personal privacy and should be protected against unauthorized access to or use of their personal conversation or information.

Consumer advocacy Groups

the right to seek support from local or national consumer advocacy groups with grievances that are not being adequately resolved by their service providers.

Fairness and non-discrimination

the right to expect a fair treatment without undue discrimination from their service providers.

Safety

the right to safety and security of their persons or property.

Market abuse

the right to be protected from market abuses such as unfair trade practices, including false and misleading advertising and anti-competitive behavior.

Responsive Regulator

the right to a responsive regulator that is proactively looking out for their interests and takes into account the needs and values of consumers.

Emergency Services

the right to access free localized emergency services.

[ays_poll id=3]Generally Spectrum Management aims at;

  1. Providing access to basic communication services to all Malawians through the use of available technologies i.e. wireless.
  2. Ensuring effective utilization with equitable access.
  3. Accommodating future needs and requirements by careful planning
  4. Harmonizing national and regional best practices with international trends
  5. Enhancing socio-economic growth of Malawi through better spectrum pricing

MACRA is putting in place spectrum management policies that must are flexible and responsive to the needs of the market, recognizing that each class of spectrum user has different requirements. For example, promoting the use spectrum -efficient technologies, such as narrow band transmission, trunking between cells with high mutual traffic loads and digital signaling, can sometimes relieve crowding in the mobile radio frequencies thereby addressing the challenges in the way the radio frequency spectrum is managed.

Principles of Assignment

Depending on the type of service to be licensed, frequencies shall be assigned based on “first-come, first-served” basis so long as frequencies are available and that the licensing requirements are satisfied. When spectrum shortage is anticipated or when specific government goals are being pursued to foster competition in a particular business sub-sector or for other specific reasons, this approach may be dropped and selection procedures adopted to ensure that spectrum is efficiently and effectively utilized. In situations of spectrum shortages, preference will also be given to those providing greater public benefits, the spectrum utilization and overall efficiency irrespective of date of receipt of the applications concerned.
Other assignment types that can be followed include Spectrum Auction, Beauty Contest, Spectrum Trading e.t.c.

Spectrum Pricing
A full table of prices applicable to terrestrial spectrum services is made available.
All users of frequencies shall be required to pay a fee, including Government Agencies or departments except those that are exempt from paying the applicable fees. The fees paid upon registration shall be renewable annually at a rate to be specified under the licence conditions. The price charged for the spectrum assigned will among other factors be dependent on such factors as size, level of competition and classification of spectrum (prime / non-prime) as well as the administrative overhead costs associated with monitoring and management.

The price that is charged for the spectrum will as much as practically possible be proportional to the derivable benefits and level of usage within the band.

Exempt / Waiver categories
Any waiver in part or in full of spectrum fees will only apply under the appropriate legislation and any regulations made there under. Exempt categories, i.e. ISM band (2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz) shall nevertheless be required to pay a registration fee determined by the Authority.

Spectrum Planning
MACRA on a regular basis will review utilization of the spectrum in response to present, emerging and future needs. The plans will be based on the technological and other needs of the country especially in the area of universality. Particular attention will be drawn to promoting and making available the spectrum for use in wireless technologies to be used in rural and under-served communities. This process shall facilitate opening of new bands and re-allocation of frequency spectrum to operators if found necessary to ensure effective and efficient use of the frequency spectrum.

MACRA shall take into consideration all relevant key stakeholders in the sector during any review process as well as international radiocommunication conferences i.e. The World Radio Conference (WRC) where major spectrum decisions are taken. In terms of planning, critical issues that are considered include;

  1. ITU Table of Allocation (especially for Region 1).
  2. Regional Frequency Allocation Plan (SADC region).
  3. National Frequency Band Plan.
  4. Technology Neutrality.
  5. Universal Access / Service requirements.
  6. Frequency re-farming options.
  7. Government / Security operations.
  8. Public Safety and Disaster Preparedness.
  9. Coordination needs with neighbouring countries (Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia).

Spectrum Monitoring
MACRA continually monitors the usage of the spectrum through the Frequency Management & Monitoring (FMM) equipment that has remote monitoring stations distributed within the country. This is done to ensure;

  1. Compliance to specified technical operating standards.
  2. Resolving cases of harmful interference.
  3. Eliminating illegal / unlicensed operations in the sector.
  4. Protecting licensees within the framework of legal operation.

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